Japanese Izumo-Class Carriers: Roles and Capabilities
The Japanese Izumo-class carriers represent a significant transformation in Japan’s maritime defense capabilities. Originally commissioned as helicopter destroyers, Izumo and Kaga have evolved into larger aviation platforms designed to support fixed-wing aircraft operations.
Their development reflects Japan’s response to changing regional security conditions and advancing naval technology. With strengthened flight decks and support for F-35B stealth fighters, the class occupies a distinctive position among modern aircraft carriers.
The Japanese Izumo-class carriers comprise two large helicopter destroyers operated by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force: Izumo and Kaga. Commissioned in 2015 and 2017, they are Japan’s largest naval vessels since the Second World War.
Designed primarily for anti-submarine warfare, disaster relief, transport, and maritime security, the ships feature a full-length flight deck and multiple aircraft elevators. Their normal air wing consists mainly of SH-60K anti-submarine helicopters and transport or utility aircraft.
Japan has modified both vessels to operate the short-takeoff, vertical-landing F-35B Lightning II. Izumo began flight-deck trials with an F-35B in 2021, while Kaga underwent related testing in 2024. These changes include heat-resistant deck surfaces and alterations to the bow.
Although officially classified as destroyers, the Izumo class functions operationally as a light aircraft-carrier platform after its aviation upgrades. Its development reflects Japan’s expanding focus on maritime surveillance, air defense, and cooperation with allied naval forces.